HISTORY AND SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY

PREVIEW

1. Microbiology is not only defined only size but also techniques used to study them.

2. Microorganisms include acellular entities (e.g; viruses),prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells.

3.Cellular microorganisms are found in a three domains of life:Bacteria,Archaea,Eucarya

4.Development of microbiology as scientific discipline depends on availability of microscopic and ability to isolate and grow pure cultures of microorganisms.

5.Development of techniques in large part of studies disproves the Theory of Spontaneous Generation and establishment of microorganisms can cause diseases.

6.Microbiology is a large discipline.It has to continue with a great impact on other areas of biology and general human welfares.

IMPORTANCE OF MICROORGANISMS

• Number and mass  estimated that microbes contain 50% of the biological carbon and 90% of the biological nitrogen on Earth.
• Certain microorganisms carry out photosynthesis, rivaling plants in their role of capturing carbon-dioxide and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.
• Microbes inhabit humans also play important roles, including helping the body digest food and producing vitamins B and K.
• Society in general benefits from microorganisms, as they are necessary for the production of bread, cheese, beer, antibiotics, vaccines, vitamins, enzymes, and many other important products. 
• Modern biotechnology rests upon a microbiological foundation.  
• Majority of microorganisms play beneficial roles, some harm humans and have disrupted society.
• Microbial diseases played a major role in historical events such as decline of the Roman Empire and the conquest of the New World. 
• In 1347, plague or black death, an arthropod-borne disease, struck Europe with brutal force, killing 1/3 of the population (about 25 million people)
  within four years.
• Over next 80 years, the disease struck again and again, eventually wiping out 75% of the European population.
• Today ,struggle by microbiologists and others against killers like AIDS and malaria continues.  
  
• First we will discuss about the microbial world to provide a general idea of the organisms and agents that microbiologists study.
• Then we will discuss about historical development of the science of microbiology and its relationship to medicine and other areas of biology.
• Finally, we will discuss about the scope, relevance, and future of modern microbiology.

THIS IS JUST AN INTRODUCTION OF HISTORY AND SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY.

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